diff --git a/bin/gniza b/bin/gniza
index bef59b6..b8d9b72 100755
--- a/bin/gniza
+++ b/bin/gniza
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ source "$GNIZA_DIR/lib/ssh.sh"
 source "$GNIZA_DIR/lib/rclone.sh"
 source "$GNIZA_DIR/lib/snapshot.sh"
 source "$GNIZA_DIR/lib/transfer.sh"
+source "$GNIZA_DIR/lib/snaplog.sh"
 
 # ── Help ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 show_help() {
diff --git a/lib/backup.sh b/lib/backup.sh
index 167ce16..7c07dff 100644
--- a/lib/backup.sh
+++ b/lib/backup.sh
@@ -92,6 +92,9 @@ _backup_target_impl() {
     # 5. Get timestamp
     local ts; ts=$(timestamp)
 
+    # 5.5. Initialize snapshot logging
+    snaplog_init
+
     # 6. Get previous snapshot for --link-dest
     local prev; prev=$(get_latest_snapshot "$target_name") || prev=""
     if [[ -n "$prev" ]]; then
@@ -106,6 +109,7 @@ _backup_target_impl() {
         log_info "Running pre-hook for $target_name..."
         if ! bash -c "$TARGET_PRE_HOOK"; then
             log_error "Pre-hook failed for $target_name"
+            snaplog_cleanup
             return 1
         fi
     fi
@@ -120,6 +124,7 @@ _backup_target_impl() {
         else
             log_error "MySQL dump failed for $target_name"
             mysql_cleanup_dump
+            snaplog_cleanup
             return 1
         fi
     fi
@@ -149,9 +154,15 @@ _backup_target_impl() {
 
     if [[ "$transfer_failed" == "true" ]]; then
         log_error "One or more folder transfers failed for $target_name"
+        snaplog_generate "$target_name" "$remote_name" "$ts" "$start_time" "Failed"
+        snaplog_upload "$target_name" "$ts"
+        snaplog_cleanup
         return 1
     fi
 
+    # 9.9. Generate snapshot logs
+    snaplog_generate "$target_name" "$remote_name" "$ts" "$start_time" "Success"
+
     # 10. Generate meta.json
     local end_time; end_time=$(date +%s)
     local duration=$(( end_time - start_time ))
@@ -198,9 +209,13 @@ METAEOF
         remote_exec "find '${sq_partial}' -type f > '${sq_partial}/manifest.txt'" 2>/dev/null || log_warn "Failed to write manifest.txt"
     fi
 
+    # 11.5. Upload snapshot logs
+    snaplog_upload "$target_name" "$ts"
+
     # 12. Finalize snapshot
     if ! finalize_snapshot "$target_name" "$ts"; then
         log_error "Failed to finalize snapshot for $target_name"
+        snaplog_cleanup
         return 1
     fi
 
@@ -228,6 +243,7 @@ METAEOF
     # 14. Enforce retention
     enforce_retention "$target_name"
 
+    snaplog_cleanup
     return 0
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/rclone.sh b/lib/rclone.sh
index 4705799..96375ff 100644
--- a/lib/rclone.sh
+++ b/lib/rclone.sh
@@ -96,7 +96,12 @@ _rclone_cmd() {
 
     log_debug "rclone $subcmd ${rclone_opts[*]} $*"
     local rc=0
-    rclone "$subcmd" "${rclone_opts[@]}" "$@" || rc=$?
+    if [[ -n "${_TRANSFER_LOG:-}" && "$subcmd" == "copy" ]]; then
+        echo "=== rclone copy $* ===" >> "$_TRANSFER_LOG"
+        rclone "$subcmd" "${rclone_opts[@]}" --verbose "$@" > >(tee -a "$_TRANSFER_LOG") 2>&1 || rc=$?
+    else
+        rclone "$subcmd" "${rclone_opts[@]}" "$@" || rc=$?
+    fi
 
     _cleanup_rclone_config "$conf"
     return "$rc"
diff --git a/lib/snaplog.sh b/lib/snaplog.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7cffc2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/snaplog.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# gniza4linux/lib/snaplog.sh — Per-snapshot backup logs (dirvish-style)
+
+[[ -n "${_GNIZA4LINUX_SNAPLOG_LOADED:-}" ]] && return 0
+_GNIZA4LINUX_SNAPLOG_LOADED=1
+
+# Initialize snapshot log directory and transfer log file.
+snaplog_init() {
+    _SNAP_LOG_DIR=$(mktemp -d "${WORK_DIR}/gniza-snaplog-XXXXXX")
+    _TRANSFER_LOG="$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/rsync_raw.log"
+    touch "$_TRANSFER_LOG"
+}
+
+# Generate snapshot log files (log, rsync_error, summary, index).
+# Usage: snaplog_generate <target> <remote> <ts> <start_time> <status>
+snaplog_generate() {
+    local target="$1"
+    local remote="$2"
+    local ts="$3"
+    local start_time="$4"
+    local status="$5"
+
+    # Copy raw transfer log
+    cp "$_TRANSFER_LOG" "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/log"
+
+    # Extract errors/warnings
+    grep -iE '(error|warning|failed|cannot|denied|vanished|rsync:)' "$_TRANSFER_LOG" > "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/rsync_error" || true
+
+    # Generate summary
+    local end_time; end_time=$(date +%s)
+    local duration=$(( end_time - start_time ))
+    local start_fmt; start_fmt=$(date -u -d "@$start_time" "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
+    local end_fmt; end_fmt=$(date -u -d "@$end_time" "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
+    local mysql_flag="no"
+    [[ "${TARGET_MYSQL_ENABLED:-no}" == "yes" ]] && mysql_flag="yes"
+
+    cat > "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/summary" <<EOF
+== gniza backup summary ==
+Target:     ${target}
+Remote:     ${remote}
+Hostname:   $(hostname -f)
+Timestamp:  ${ts}
+Started:    ${start_fmt}
+Finished:   ${end_fmt}
+Duration:   $(human_duration "$duration")
+Status:     ${status}
+Folders:    ${TARGET_FOLDERS}
+MySQL:      ${mysql_flag}
+EOF
+
+    # Generate index
+    snaplog_generate_index "$target" "$ts"
+}
+
+# Generate file index for the snapshot.
+# Usage: snaplog_generate_index <target> <ts>
+snaplog_generate_index() {
+    local target="$1"
+    local ts="$2"
+
+    if _is_rclone_mode; then
+        _rclone_cmd lsl "$(_rclone_remote_path "targets/${target}/snapshots/${ts}")" 2>/dev/null > "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/index" || true
+    elif [[ "${REMOTE_TYPE:-ssh}" == "local" ]]; then
+        local snap_dir; snap_dir=$(get_snapshot_dir "$target")
+        find "$snap_dir/${ts}.partial" -printf '%M %n %u %g %8s %T+ %P\n' 2>/dev/null | sort > "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/index"
+    else
+        local snap_dir; snap_dir=$(get_snapshot_dir "$target")
+        remote_exec "find '$(shquote "$snap_dir/${ts}.partial")' -printf '%M %n %u %g %8s %T+ %P\n' 2>/dev/null | sort" > "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/index"
+    fi
+}
+
+# Upload snapshot logs to the remote.
+# Usage: snaplog_upload <target> <ts>
+snaplog_upload() {
+    local target="$1"
+    local ts="$2"
+
+    if _is_rclone_mode; then
+        local snap_subpath="targets/${target}/snapshots/${ts}"
+        for f in log rsync_error summary index; do
+            local remote_dest; remote_dest=$(_rclone_remote_path "${snap_subpath}/${f}")
+            _rclone_cmd copyto "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/$f" "$remote_dest" || log_warn "Failed to upload $f"
+        done
+    elif [[ "${REMOTE_TYPE:-ssh}" == "local" ]]; then
+        local snap_dir; snap_dir=$(get_snapshot_dir "$target")
+        cp "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR"/{log,rsync_error,summary,index} "$snap_dir/${ts}.partial/" || log_warn "Failed to copy snapshot logs"
+    else
+        local snap_dir; snap_dir=$(get_snapshot_dir "$target")
+        local rsync_ssh; rsync_ssh=$(build_rsync_ssh_cmd)
+        local rsync_cmd=(rsync -e "$rsync_ssh" "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/log" "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/rsync_error" "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/summary" "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR/index" "${REMOTE_USER}@${REMOTE_HOST}:${snap_dir}/${ts}.partial/")
+        if _is_password_mode; then
+            export SSHPASS="$REMOTE_PASSWORD"
+            rsync_cmd=(sshpass -e "${rsync_cmd[@]}")
+        fi
+        "${rsync_cmd[@]}" || log_warn "Failed to upload snapshot logs"
+    fi
+}
+
+# Clean up temporary snapshot log directory.
+snaplog_cleanup() {
+    [[ -n "${_SNAP_LOG_DIR:-}" && -d "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR" ]] && rm -rf "$_SNAP_LOG_DIR"
+    _SNAP_LOG_DIR=""
+    _TRANSFER_LOG=""
+}
diff --git a/lib/transfer.sh b/lib/transfer.sh
index be63739..2fec6fa 100644
--- a/lib/transfer.sh
+++ b/lib/transfer.sh
@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ rsync_to_remote() {
         rsync_opts+=("${extra_filter_opts[@]}")
     fi
 
+    if [[ -n "${_TRANSFER_LOG:-}" ]]; then
+        rsync_opts+=(--verbose --stats)
+    fi
+
     rsync_opts+=(-e "$rsync_ssh")
 
     # Ensure source ends with /
@@ -51,7 +55,12 @@ rsync_to_remote() {
             rsync_cmd=(sshpass -e "${rsync_cmd[@]}")
         fi
         local rc=0
-        "${rsync_cmd[@]}" || rc=$?
+        if [[ -n "${_TRANSFER_LOG:-}" ]]; then
+            echo "=== rsync: $source_dir -> ${REMOTE_USER}@${REMOTE_HOST}:${remote_dest} ===" >> "$_TRANSFER_LOG"
+            "${rsync_cmd[@]}" > >(tee -a "$_TRANSFER_LOG") 2>&1 || rc=$?
+        else
+            "${rsync_cmd[@]}" || rc=$?
+        fi
         if (( rc == 0 )); then
             log_debug "rsync succeeded on attempt $attempt"
             return 0
@@ -110,6 +119,10 @@ rsync_local() {
         rsync_opts+=("${extra_filter_opts[@]}")
     fi
 
+    if [[ -n "${_TRANSFER_LOG:-}" ]]; then
+        rsync_opts+=(--verbose --stats)
+    fi
+
     # Ensure source ends with /
     [[ "$source_dir" != */ ]] && source_dir="$source_dir/"
 
@@ -118,7 +131,12 @@ rsync_local() {
         log_debug "rsync (local) attempt $attempt/$max_retries: $source_dir -> $local_dest"
 
         local rc=0
-        rsync "${rsync_opts[@]}" "$source_dir" "$local_dest" || rc=$?
+        if [[ -n "${_TRANSFER_LOG:-}" ]]; then
+            echo "=== rsync (local): $source_dir -> $local_dest ===" >> "$_TRANSFER_LOG"
+            rsync "${rsync_opts[@]}" "$source_dir" "$local_dest" > >(tee -a "$_TRANSFER_LOG") 2>&1 || rc=$?
+        else
+            rsync "${rsync_opts[@]}" "$source_dir" "$local_dest" || rc=$?
+        fi
         if (( rc == 0 )); then
             log_debug "rsync (local) succeeded on attempt $attempt"
             return 0