gniza - Linux Backup Manager

A generic Linux backup tool with a Python Textual TUI, web GUI, and CLI interface. Define named backup targets (sets of directories), configure remote destinations (SSH, local, S3, Google Drive), and run incremental backups with rsync --link-dest deduplication.

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Features

• Target-based backups - Define named profiles with sets of directories to back up
• Include/exclude filters - Rsync include or exclude patterns per target (comma-separated)
• MySQL backup - Dump all or selected databases alongside directory backups
• Multiple remote types - SSH, local (USB/NFS), S3, Google Drive
• Incremental snapshots - rsync --link-dest for space-efficient deduplication
• Disk space safety - Abort backup if remote disk usage exceeds configurable threshold (default 95%)
• Textual TUI - Beautiful terminal UI powered by Textual
• Web dashboard - Access the full TUI from any browser with HTTP Basic Auth
• CLI interface - Scriptable commands for automation and cron
• Atomic snapshots - .partial directory during backup, renamed on success
• Retention policies - Automatic pruning of old snapshots
• Pre/post hooks - Run custom commands before/after backups
• Email notifications - SMTP or system mail on success/failure
• Root and user mode - Works as root (system-wide) or regular user (per-user)
• Cron scheduling - Manage cron jobs through TUI or CLI

Installation

One-liner (root)

curl -sSL https://git.linux-hosting.co.il/shukivaknin/gniza4linux/raw/branch/main/scripts/install.sh | sudo bash

One-liner (user mode)

curl -sSL https://git.linux-hosting.co.il/shukivaknin/gniza4linux/raw/branch/main/scripts/install.sh | bash

From source

git clone https://git.linux-hosting.co.il/shukivaknin/gniza4linux.git
cd gniza4linux
sudo bash scripts/install.sh    # root mode
# or
bash scripts/install.sh          # user mode

Root mode installs to /usr/local/gniza. User mode installs to ~/.local/share/gniza.

Dependencies

• Required: bash 4+, rsync
• Optional: ssh, curl (SMTP notifications), rclone (S3/GDrive)
• TUI/Web: python3, textual, textual-serve (installed automatically)

Quick Start

# Launch TUI
gniza

# Or use CLI
gniza targets add --name=mysite --folders=/var/www,/etc/nginx
gniza remotes add --name=backup-server    # (edit config manually)
gniza --cli backup --target=mysite
gniza --cli backup --all

Usage

gniza [OPTIONS] [COMMAND]

Options:
  --cli             Force CLI mode (no TUI)
  --debug           Enable debug logging
  --config=FILE     Override config file path
  --help            Show help
  --version         Show version

Commands:
  backup            [--target=NAME] [--remote=NAME] [--all]
  restore           --target=NAME [--snapshot=TS] [--remote=NAME] [--dest=DIR]
  targets           list|add|delete|show [--name=NAME] [--folders=PATHS]
  remotes           list|add|delete|show|test|disk-info-short [--name=NAME]
  snapshots         list [--target=NAME] [--remote=NAME]
  retention         [--target=NAME] [--remote=NAME] [--all]
  schedule          install|show|remove
  logs              [--last] [--tail=N]

Configuration

Mode	Config	Logs	Lock
Root	/etc/gniza/	/var/log/gniza/	/var/run/gniza.lock
User	~/.config/gniza/	~/.local/state/gniza/log/	$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/gniza-$UID.lock

Config subdirectories: targets.d/*.conf, remotes.d/*.conf, schedules.d/*.conf

Target Config (targets.d/mysite.conf)

TARGET_NAME="mysite"
TARGET_FOLDERS="/var/www,/etc/nginx"
TARGET_EXCLUDE="*.log,*.tmp,.cache"
TARGET_INCLUDE=""
TARGET_REMOTE=""
TARGET_RETENTION=""
TARGET_PRE_HOOK=""
TARGET_POST_HOOK=""
TARGET_ENABLED="yes"

# MySQL backup (optional)
TARGET_MYSQL_ENABLED="no"
TARGET_MYSQL_MODE="all"
TARGET_MYSQL_DATABASES=""
TARGET_MYSQL_EXCLUDE=""
TARGET_MYSQL_USER=""
TARGET_MYSQL_PASSWORD=""
TARGET_MYSQL_HOST="localhost"
TARGET_MYSQL_PORT="3306"
TARGET_MYSQL_EXTRA_OPTS="--single-transaction --routines --triggers"

Include vs Exclude: Set TARGET_INCLUDE to back up only matching files (e.g. *.conf,*.sh). When include is set, everything else is excluded. If only TARGET_EXCLUDE is set, matching files are skipped. Patterns are comma-separated and support rsync glob syntax.

Remote Config (remotes.d/backup-server.conf)

REMOTE_TYPE="ssh"
REMOTE_HOST="backup.example.com"
REMOTE_PORT=22
REMOTE_USER="root"
REMOTE_AUTH_METHOD="key"
REMOTE_KEY="/root/.ssh/backup_key"
REMOTE_BASE="/backups"
BWLIMIT=0
RETENTION_COUNT=30

For local remotes (USB/NFS):

REMOTE_TYPE="local"
REMOTE_BASE="/mnt/backup-drive"

Snapshot Structure

$BASE/<hostname>/targets/<target>/snapshots/<YYYY-MM-DDTHHMMSS>/
├── meta.json
├── manifest.txt
├── var/www/
├── etc/nginx/
└── _mysql/              # MySQL dumps (if enabled)
    ├── dbname.sql.gz
    └── _grants.sql.gz

Web Dashboard

The TUI can be served in a browser via textual-serve with HTTP Basic Auth:

# Enable during install (generates admin password)
curl -sSL .../install.sh | sudo bash
# Answer "y" to "Enable web dashboard?"

# Or manually
gniza web install-service   # Install systemd service (port 2323)
gniza web start             # Start the service
gniza web stop              # Stop the service

Access at http://<server-ip>:2323. Credentials are stored in gniza.conf as WEB_USER and WEB_API_KEY.

Testing

bash tests/test_utils.sh
bash tests/test_config.sh
bash tests/test_targets.sh

License

MIT License - see LICENSE for details.